Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
http://www.alb.periodikos.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X0119
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Diet of Phylloicus (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae) caddisfly larvae in forest streams of western Pará, central Brazilian Amazonia

Dieta de larvas de Phylloicus (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae) em riachos florestais do Oeste do Pará, Amazônia central brasileira

Diego Ramos Pimentel; Sheyla Regina Marques Couceiro; Ana Karina Moreyra Salcedo

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Abstract

Abstract:: Aim: The aquatic larvae of the Phylloicus (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae) caddisflies are typical shredders. However, the trophic classification of Phylloicus has been based on the morphology and behaviour of the larvae. The aim of this study was to investigate the diet of caddisfly larvae Phylloicus in streams.

Methods: In order to provide a more reliable classification of Phylloicus diet, we analyzed the stomach contents of 185 larvae collected, sampled with D-frame entomological net from 18 streams located in the tropical forests of western Pará, Brazil. We compared the stomach contents between the larval stages, seasons (dry and rainy), and substrates (i.e., sand, leaf litter, roots, clay and mixed substrates).

Results: We identified the stomach contents as fine particulate organic matter (FPOM), coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) and plant tissue. The diet of the Phylloicus larvae was composed basically of FPOM, independent of the larval stage (90,4%), was a higher consumption of FPOM in the dry season and there were no significant differences in food resource between substrates.

Conclusions: These findings indicate that the classification of Phylloicus as a shredder may in fact be based on the processing of leaves for the building of larval cases, rather than the diet, which is in fact detritivorous, enjoying the availability of FPOM in the streams. The great quantity of FPOM consumed by caddisfly larvae Phylloicus highlight the importance of this food resource for macroinvertebrate communities from tropical streams. Therefore, regional studies of feeding habits are needed for accurate classification trophic of Phylloicus.

Keywords

aquatic insects, tropical streams, trophic ecology, substrates

Resumo

Resumo:: Objetivo: Phylloicus (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae) é um gênero de inseto aquático cujas larvas são consideradas fragmentadoras típicas. Porém, a classificação trófica de Phylloicus tem sido baseada na morfologia e comportamento das larvas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a dieta de larvas de Phylloicus em riachos.

Métodos: Assim, para estabelecer a correta dieta alimentar de Phylloicus analisamos o conteúdo estomacal de 185 larvas coletadas, amostradas com rede entomológica D em 18 riachos de floresta tropical no Oeste do Pará, Brasil. Comparamos o conteúdo estomacal entre os estádios larvais, períodos sazonais (seco e chuvoso) e substratos (e.g. areia, folhiço, raiz, substrato misto).

Resultados: Identificamos os conteúdos estomacais como matéria orgânica particulada fina (MOPF), matéria orgânica particulada grossa (MOPG) e tecido vegetal. Independentemente do estádio larval, a dieta de Phylloicus foi composta basicamente MOPF (90,4%), houve maior consumo de MOPF no período seco e não houve diferenças significativas no consumo de recursos alimentares entre substratos.

Conclusões: Esses resultados indicam que a classificação de Phylloicus como fragmentador deve ser associada somente à quebra de folhas para a construção de abrigos e não a sua dieta, que é detritívora, aproveitando a disponibilidade de MOPF nos riachos. A grande quantidade de FPOM consumida por larvas de Phylloicus destaca a importância desse recurso alimentar para comunidades de macroinvertebrados de riachos tropicais. Portanto, estudos regionais de hábitos alimentares são necessários para uma classificação precisa trófica de Phylloicus.
 

Palavras-chave

insetos aquáticos, riachos tropicais, ecologia trófica, substratos

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Submitted date:
01/03/2019

Accepted date:
05/11/2020

Publication date:
08/03/2020

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