Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
http://www.alb.periodikos.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X9624
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Life history traits of the glass knifefish Eigenmannia desantanai (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) in the Southern Pantanal, Brazil

Características de história de vida da tuvira Eigenmannia desantanai (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) no Pantanal Sul, Brasil

Karina Keyla Tondato-Carvalho; Mateus de Souza Jeronymo; Patrícia Luna Rondon; Élida Jeronimo Gouveia; Francisco Severo-Neto; Yzel Rondon Súarez

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Abstract

Aim: This study investigated life-history traits of Eigenmannia desantanai in the southern Pantanal floodplain.

Methods: Fish were collected beneath stands of aquatic macrophytes using seine nets and rectangular sieves with a 2 mm mesh size in the Paraguay and Amonguijá rivers between February 2009 and January 2011.

Results: A total of 484 individuals were sampled, including 351 females, 113 males, and 20 individuals of undetermined sex. Females predominated in the population (3.1:1), and no significant differences were observed in total weight or standard length between sexes. Both sexes exhibited negative allometric growth. Females reached sexual maturity at an estimated standard length of 63.06 mm, and males at 59.58 mm. Mean absolute fecundity was 305.3 oocytes (mean relative fecundity = 0.17), with no significant correlation with female body weight or standard length. The frequency distribution of oocyte diameter indicated batch spawning. Females showed a prolonged reproductive period, with two peaks in gonadosomatic index (GSI) values: the first from January to April, and the second including June, August, and September. GSI was correlated with river level and temperature. In contrast, males reproduced throughout the year, with no influence from environmental variables.

Conclusions: The results indicate that E. desantanai responds to immediate environmental conditions and demonstrates high reproductive investment through a prolonged breeding period. Reproductive peaks occurred during the hydrological phases of rising waters and flood, associated with high or increasing temperatures. Additionally, the species exhibits low fecundity, batch spawning, and an extended reproductive period, characterizing it as an equilibrium strategist.

Keywords

reproductive biology; population biology; small fish; Paraguay river; tuvira

Resumo

Objetivo: Este estudo investigou características de história de vida de Eigenmannia desantanai no Pantanal Sul.

Métodos: Os peixes foram coletados sob bancos de macrófitas aquáticas utilizando redes de arrasto e peneiras, com malha de 2 mm, nos rios Paraguai e Amonguijá entre fevereiro de 2009 e janeiro de 2011.

Resultados: Um total de 484 indivíduos foi amostrado, incluindo 351 fêmeas, 113 machos e 20 indivíduos de sexo indeterminado. As fêmeas predominaram na população (3,1:1) e não foi observada diferença significativa na distribuição do peso total e comprimento padrão entre os sexos. Ambos os sexos apresentaram crescimento alométrico negativo. As fêmeas atingiram a maturidade sexual com comprimento padrão estimado em 63,06 mm, enquanto os machos em 59,58 mm. A fecundidade absoluta média foi de 305,3 ovócitos (fecundidade relativa média = 0,17), sem correlação significativa com o peso total ou o comprimento padrão das fêmeas. A distribuição da frequência do diâmetro dos ovócitos indicou desova parcelada. As fêmeas tiveram um período reprodutivo prolongado, com dois períodos com valores elevados de Índice Gonadossomático (IGS), sendo o primeiro de janeiro a abril e o segundo incluindo junho, agosto e setembro. O IGS foi correlacionado com o nível do rio e com a temperatura. Em contrapartida, os machos se reproduziram durante o ano todo, sem influência de variáveis ambientais.

Conclusões: Os resultados indicam que E. desantanai responde às condições ambientais imediatas e demonstra um alto investimento reprodutivo com um período reprodutivo prolongado. Apresentaram picos de reprodução nos meses que correspondem ao período hidrológico de enchente e cheia, associado à temperaturas elevadas ou em elevação. Além disso, a espécie apresenta baixa fecundidade, desova parcelada e um longo período reprodutivo, caracterizando-se como uma estrategista de equilíbrio.

Palavras-chave

biologia reprodutiva; biologia populacional; peixes pequenos; rio Paraguai; tuvira

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Submitted date:
02/11/2024

Accepted date:
03/11/2025

Publication date:
05/11/2025

690b99a7a95395258f120c76 alb Articles
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Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online)

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